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The Second Vermont Republic (SVR, 2VR) is a secessionist group within the U.S. state of Vermont which seeks to return to the formerly independent status of the Vermont Republic (1777–91). It describes itself as "a nonviolent citizens' network and think tank opposed to the tyranny of Corporate America and the U.S. government, and committed to the peaceful return of Vermont to its status as an independent republic and more broadly the dissolution of the Union."〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Second Vermont Republic )〕 The organization was founded in 2003 by Thomas Naylor (1936-2012),〔John Curran, (Vt. Secession Movement Gains Traction ), Huffington Post, June 4, 2007.〕〔Nancy Remsen, (Second Vermont Republic founder Thomas Naylor has died ), Burlington Free Press, December 17, 2012.〕 a former Duke University economics professor and co-author of the 1997 book ''Downsizing the U.S.A.''〔Thomas H. Naylor, William H. Willimon, (''Downsizing the U.S.A.'', Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, 1997, ISBN 0802843301, 9780802843302 )〕 A 2010 ''Time'' article featured the Second Vermont Republic as one of the "Top 10 Aspiring Nations".〔(Vermont ), one of the ((Top 10 Aspiring Nations )), ''Time'' magazine, January 31, 2011.〕 ==History== The Second Vermont Republic was founded in 2003 by Thomas Naylor, who published the book ''The Vermont Manifesto'' that same year.〔Thomas H. Naylor, ''The Vermont Manifesto,'' Xlibris Corporation, October 7, 2003.〕 He was motivated by the September 11 attacks. Vermont's Bread and Puppet Theater were early supporters.〔Heidi Beirich, (Second Vermont Republic Pushes For Independence of Vermont ), SPLC, Summer 2008.〕 Naylor began informal meetings of the group, holding the first statewide meeting in October 2003. In June 2004 Second Vermont Republic and Bread & Puppet Theater sponsored a parade in Montpelier and a rally of over 300 people at the State House calling for Vermont independence.〔Thomas Naylor, (History of the Second Vermont Republic ), Second Vermont Republic website.〕 University of Vermont professor Frank M. Bryan, co-author of the humorous novel ''OUT! The Vermont Secession Book,''〔Frank Bryan and Bill Mares, (''OUT! The Vermont Secession Book,'' ), The New England Press 1987, 6-8.〕 later joined the Advisory Board of the Second Vermont Republic.〔(Vermont Secessionists Meet with Racist League of the South ), Alternet, June 5, 2008.〕 The "independence" flag adopted by the Second Vermont Republic〔(Independence Icons, including flag, at Second Vermont Republic web site ).〕 is similar in design to the Green Mountain Boys regimental flag flown by those who supported creation of the first Vermont Republic.〔 *Cooper, Grace Rogers Available (online ) (21.7 MB) *Karen Price Hossell, ''Ethan Allen'', Heinemann-Raintree Classroom, 2004, (p 14 ). *Michael Flocker, ''Vermont: The Green Mountain State'', World Almanac Library of the States, Gareth Stevens, 2002 (p 11 ).〕 The Second Vermont Republic hosted a "radical consultation" in Middlebury, Vermont in November 2004 which resulted in the creation of the Middlebury Declaration〔(Text at Middlebury Institute website ).〕 and the establishment of the Middlebury Institute. In April 2005, members of Second Vermont Republic started the (Vermont Commons ) quarterly publication.〔(Second Vermont Republic "Four Years of SVR" page ).〕 In January 2005, the Second Vermont Republic stated it had 125 card-carrying members.〔Christopher Ketcham,(Long live secession! ) ''Salon.com'', January 20, 2005.〕 In October 2005 300 people attended Second Vermont Republic's first statewide secession convention in the House Chamber of the Vermont State House.〔Anthony Wile, (Thomas H. Naylor on Leviathan, Secession and Vermont's Small Nation Dream ), LewRockwell.com, May 14, 2012.〕 In November 2006 the group's representatives attended the First North American Secessionist Convention in Burlington, which brought together secessionists from a broad political spectrum.〔Gary Shapiro, (Modern-Day Secessionists Will Hold a Conference on Leaving the Union ), ''The New York Sun,'' September 27, 2006, 6.〕〔Kirkpatrick Sale, (The First North American Secessionist Convention, Breaking Away ), CounterPunch, October 5, 2006.〕〔Paul Nussbaum, (Coming together to ponder pulling apart, Latter-day secessionists of all stripes convene in Vermont ), ''Philadelphia Inquirer'', November 6, 2006.〕〔(Call for Representatives and post-convention report at Middlebury Institute website ).〕 The convention issued the Burlington Declaration.〔(Text of Burlington Declaration at Middlebury Institute website ).〕 In April 2007 the University of Vermont Center for Rural Studies released its annual "Vermonter Poll" which showed that thirteen percent of eligible voters in Vermont supported secession.〔 That month Frank Bryan and Vermont Commons publisher Ian Baldwin authored an op-ed piece for the ''Washington Post'', "The Once and Future Republic of Vermont". The authors wrote "Vermont did not join the Union to become part of an empire. Some of us therefore seek permission to leave."〔Frank Bryan and Ian Baldwin (Op-Ed: The Once and Future Republic of Vermont ), ''Washington Post'', April 1, 2007.〕 In June 2007, Frank Bryan stated that "the cachet of secession would make the new republic a magnet" and "People would obviously relish coming to the Republic of Vermont, the Switzerland of North America."〔 In May 2008, Feral House published Thomas Naylor's book ''Secession: How Vermont and all the Other States Can Save Themselves from the Empire''. Author Kirkpatrick Sale wrote the foreword.〔Thomas Naylor, ''Secession: How Vermont and all the Other States Can Save Themselves from the Empire'', foreword by Kirkpatrick Sale, Feral House books, 2008.〕 In the book he writes about diplomat George F. Kennan being "a major source of inspiration for the Second Vermont Republic."〔Andrei Kreptul, (Secession: The Final Frontier ), LewRockwell.com, July 11, 2008.〕 A 2010 ''Time'' magazine article quoted Naylor as describing the Second Vermont Republic as "left-libertarian, anti-big government, anti-empire, antiwar, with small is beautiful as our guiding philosophy".〔Christopher Ketcham, (The Secessionist Campaign for the Republic of Vermont ), ''Time'' magazine, January 31, 2010.〕 In 2012 Thomas Naylor, Kirkpatrick Sale, Chellis Glendinning, Carolyn Chute and two others issued "The Montpelier Manifesto", carried on the Second Vermont Republic website, as a "Document of Grievances and Abuses" with specific suggestions for a "Redress of Grievances."〔Thomas H. Naylor, Kirkpatrick Sale, James Starkey, Chellis Glendinning, Carolyn Chute and Charles Keil, (The Montpelier Manifesto ), at Second Vermont Republic website, September, 2012.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Second Vermont Republic」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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